RESEARCH ARTICLE

Journal of Oil Palm Research Vol. 1 No. 1 1989 June, p. 53-61

IDENTIFICATION OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE AROMA OF FRESH PALM OIL AND OXIDIZED OIL

Ainie Kuntum* , P J Dirinck+ and N M Schamp+

ABSTRACT

Crude and oxidized palm oil were steam-distilled in vacuo to obtain volatile aroma compounds. The steam distillate was then extracted continuously using dichlorimethane and the extract was concentrated. The concentrate was analysed using gas chromatography; identification of compounds was by mass spectrometry. The steam disstillate from cride palm oil contained compounds such as 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-enone, nonanone, nonanal, ethyl benzoate, linalol, trans-allo-ocimene, β-cyclocitral and ionol which were found to be associated with the aroma of fresh palm oil in the aromagram. 3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohex-2-enone was found to have a distinctive palmy, nutty aroma. C4-10 alkanals, C5,9,10 2-alkanones, C5,9 alkanols, C6-9 2-alkenals, C4-5 2-alkylfurans, C6,10 2,4-alkadiena ls, 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone and γ-heptalactone were detected in oxidized palm oil.

KEYWORDS:


*Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia (PORIM)
PO Box 10620, 50721 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

+Faculty of Agriculture, State University of Ghent, Belgium