RESEARCH ARTICLE

Journal of Oil Palm Research Vol. 10 No. 2, December 1998, p. 45-56

THE EFFECT OF PALM-BASED SURFACTANTS AS SPRAY ADJUVANTS IN GLYPHOSATE ISOPROPYLAMINE (IPA)

ISMAIL, A R*; DZOLKIFLI, O**; OOI, T L*; SALMIAH, A*

ABSTRACT

The utilization of some palm-based surfactants in glyphosate in isopropylammonium (IPA) formulations were tested. Three groups of nonionic surfactants were used, i.e, fatty alcohol ethoxylate CFAE) with five moles of ethylene oxide (EO), 7 EO, 9 EO and 20 EO, fatty amine ethoxylate (FAmE) and alkylpolyglycosides (APG). Cyperus rotundus, a thin-leaf and tuber-producing weed was used to test the efficacy of glyphosate IPA formulations. Twelve glyphosate IPA formulations were prepared and their stabilities tested at room temperature (RT) and 45°C. All the formulations were stable at RT, and nine appeared as one layer after keeping at 45°C for seven days. Efficacy tests were carried out under full sunlight. The application rates were 2.0kg/ha. 1.5kg/ha and 1.0kg/ha of glyphosate IPA, the active ingredient (a.i) per hectare (ha), and the spraying volumes used were 200 litres (l)/ha and 400 1/ha. The surfactant concentrations in the spraying solutions varied from 0,1% to 0.35% (w/w). Visual observation and analysis of variance showed that six formulations gave very promising results for controlling Cyperus rotundus. The formulations were FAmE, FAE (20EO), FAmE/APG (C8-C10), FAmE/APG (C8- C16), APG (C8-CIO), and APG (C8-C16).

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* Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia,
P.O. Box 10620, 50720 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

** Department of Plant Protection,
Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.