https://jopr.mpob.gov.my Wed, 17 Nov 2021 07:03:24 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.0 https://jopr.mpob.gov.my/productions-of-carotenoids-and-tocols-concentrates-from-palm-oil-using-supercritical-carbon-dioxide/ Sat, 13 Nov 2021 15:24:47 +0000 https://jopr.mpob.gov.my/V2/?p=9267 A method using supercritical carbon dioxide to produce concentrated carotenoids and tocols from palm oil is described. The free fatty acids of crude palm oil were esterified by acid-catalysis followed by transesterification of the triglycerides into methyl esters. Methyl esters are considerably more soluble in supercritical carbon dioxide than the triglycerides and free fatty acids, and are preferentially dissolved leaving a solution of highly concentrated carotenoids (20.11 wt%) and tocols (10.66 wt%).

]]> https://jopr.mpob.gov.my/transesterification-of-palm-oil-effect-of-reaction-parameters/ Sat, 13 Nov 2021 15:02:13 +0000 https://jopr.mpob.gov.my/V2/?p=9156 The most practical and suitable method for industrial production of methyl esters of palm oils with negligible free fatty acids (e.g. neutralized palm oil and refined, bleached and deodorized palm oil) is methanolysis of the glycerides catalyzed by sodium hydroxide. Several parts including the type of catalyst, oil/alcohol ratio, temperature, stirring speed and free fatty acids content, have been found to influence the transesterification of palm oil. Optimum reaction conditions were obtained with a molar ratio of methanol-to-oil at 10:1 and a reaction time of 7 min at ca. 65½C. The rate of reaction was optimized at a stirring speed of 150 rpm. The minimum amount of methanol required to achieve total conversion was 233% (excess methanol) (a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 10:1). The catalyst used should not exceed 0.5 mole kg^-1 oil as otherwise it would cause solidification of the reaction mixture due to soap formation. For a large number of glyceride oils containing <5% free fatty acids, transesterification to methyl esters can be readily effected using additional sodium hydroxide to neutralize the free fatty acids. Glycerol from the transesterification process was purified from 80%-85% to more than 96% with a yield of not less than 75%

]]> https://jopr.mpob.gov.my/novel-catalytic-solutions-for-oleochemical-processes/ Sat, 13 Nov 2021 08:10:21 +0000 https://jopr.mpob.gov.my/V2/?p=9095 Catalytic processes are key to meeting the growing demand for sustainable industrial chemicals derived from oils and fats, thus ensuring the sustainability and profitability of the oleochemical industry. This article focuses on novel catalytic solutions for both existing and new processes, giving focus to raw materials, energy and the environment. Practical examples will be given of lower-metal catalysts, processing of lower-grade feedstocks, and the treatment of fatty alcohols and methyl esters.

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