https://jopr.mpob.gov.my Thu, 14 Apr 2022 07:05:42 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.0 https://jopr.mpob.gov.my/microemulsions-formed-with-palm-oil-based-materials-as-all-purpose-spray-liquid-cleaners-for-hand-surfaces/ Sat, 13 Nov 2021 08:10:21 +0000 https://jopr.mpob.gov.my/V2/?p=9084 This article describes the formation of microemulsions by utilising fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and a surfactant or mixed surfactant system derived from palm oil-based oleochemicals. The effects of 1,2 hexanediol as a conventional non-toxic co-surfactant were investigated by observing the ternary phase behaviour of palm oil-based microemulsions for three types of surfactant systems, i.e., fatty alcohol ethoxylates 7EO (FAE 7); mixed surfactants FAE 7 and fatty alcohol ethoxylates 2EO (FAE 2) in a 75:25 ratio; and mixed surfactants FAE 7, FAE 2 and methyl ester sulphonate (MES) in a 60:20:20 ratio. The microemulsion (µE) solutions formed were characterised by conductivity, viscosity and droplet-size measurements as suggested by the duct cleaning experts from Willard Power Vac. The cleaning performance of selected palm oil-based microemulsions as all-purpose spray liquid cleaners for hard surfaces is also reported.

]]> https://jopr.mpob.gov.my/effect-of-diols-as-co-surfactants-in-partial-ternary-phase-behaviour-of-palm-oil-based-microemulsions/ Sat, 13 Nov 2021 08:10:21 +0000 https://jopr.mpob.gov.my/V2/?p=9092 Microemulsions (µE) were prepared with palm fatty acid methyl esters (PFAME) as solvents, and stabilized by ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants, i.e., Dehydol LS 7 and Dehydol LS 2 as S_A and S_B with the hydrophiliclipophilic balance (HLB) values at ~12.8 and ~7.3, respectively. The co-surfactants chosen were 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,2-ethanediol and glycerol. The effects of the co-surfactants on the partial ternary phase diagrams were studied at 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 40% (w/w) concentrations. The ratio of PFAME to water was either 25:75 or 50:50. The mixtures were agitated vigorously, and then kept at ambient temperature (25°C) for one to two days. The emulsions (two-phase), the µE and liquid crystalline phases were observed using polarised light. In addition, the physical stability of the µE solutions was determined at 45°C over a period of one month. The effects of the co-surfactants on the ternary phase systems for PFAME/non-ionic surfactants/water were studied and mapped out at 25°C and 45°C, respectively.

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