RESEARCH ARTICLE

Journal of Oil Palm Research Vol. 34 (2) June 2022, p. 261-275

IDENTIFICATION OF OIL PALM ROOT-SPECIFIC GENES THROUGH MINING OF RNA-SEQ DATA AND RT-qPCR ANALYSIS

SUBHI SITI MASURA1,2*; OMAR ABD RASID1; NOOR AZMI SHAHARUDDIN2, 3; MAT YUNUS ABDUL MASANI1; KUANG-LIM CHAN1; ENG-TI LESLIE LOW1; SITI SURIAWATI BADAI1; AYUB NOR HANIN1; ABDUL RAHMAN SITI RAHMAH1; MOHD PUAD ABDULLAH2; AZZREENA MOHAMAD AZZEME2 and GHULAM KADIR AHMAD PARVEEZ1

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21894/jopr.2021.0036
Received: 17 January 2021   Accepted: 18 June 2021   Published Online: 30 August 2021
ABSTRACT

Identification of novel genes that are specifically expressed in root is essential for isolation and characterisation of root-specific promoters. Mining the transcriptome of various oil palm tissue-specific data generated from ribonucleic acid-sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology has enabled the discovery of rootspecific genes. A total of seven candidates of root-specifically or preferentially expressed genes were selected from RNA-Seq analysis, and the gene expression profiles were validated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The relative fold change of transcript expression in RT-qPCR was statistically analysed by comparing with root tissues at the in vitro culture stage (RS1). Results showed that the transcript annotated as an oil palm metallothionine (EgMT) gene was significantly upregulated at around 7 to 170-fold across the different developmental stages of root tissues. A proline-rich protein (EgPRP1) transcript was also significantly upregulated by about 7 to 55-fold. Both EgMT and EgPRP1 transcripts had relatively low expressions in the other tissues studied. The high levels of expression of EgMT and EgPRP1 in roots highlighted the genes’ promoter’s potential to regulate a strong expression level of transgenes in a root-specific manner.

KEYWORDS:


1 Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB),
6 Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi,
43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.

2 Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang,
Selangor, Malaysia.

3 Institute of Plantation Studies,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang,
Selangor, Malaysia.

* Corresponding author e-mail: masura@mpob.gov.my