Journal of Oil Palm Research Vol. 28 (3) September 2016, p. 320-330

MICROBIAL ASSISTED PHYTOREMEDIATION OF PALM OIL MILL FINAL DISCHARGE (POMFD) WASTEWATER

MOHD FAIZAL HAMZAH*; NORJAN YUSOF*and HASIMAH ALIMON*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21894/jopr.2016.2803.08
ABSTRACT

This study assesses microbial assisted phytoremediation of palm oil mill final discharge (POMFD) wastewater using three local macrophyte species: Leersia oryzoides, Pistia stratiotes and Ludwigia peploides. It was found respectively that BOD5, COD, NH3-N removal efficiencies of 84.7%, 22.3%, and 73.5% were achieved for P. stratiotes; 88.1%, 18% and 69.2% for L. peploides; and 86.1%, 11.7% and 69.3% for L. oryzoides. The level of C, H and N in the tissue were influenced by macrophyte species and organs (p < 0.05). The bioconcentration factors (BCF) of various metals such as Mg, Ca, K, Na, Fe and Zn of the three macrophytes were 10-1 to 100 with Fe being highly accumulated in roots of all the macrophytes (BCF=102). The translocation factors (TF) of most metals from root to shoot tissues were in a range of 10-3 to 100. In comparison with other metals, K was capable to be efficiently translocated from root to shoots in all the macrophyte species (TF=100). In this study, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus cereus that are usually involved in denitrification were identified in P. stratiotes, L. pepoides and L. oryzoides roots respectively. This confirms the macrophyte-microorganism interaction in remediation of POMFD wastewater.

KEYWORDS:


* Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia.
E-mail: norjan@fsmt.upsi.edu.my