ARTICLE IN PRESS

CALCIUM NUTRITIONAL EFFECTS ON SUPPRESSION OF BASAL STEM ROT (BSR) DISEASE IN OIL PALM SEEDLINGS IN NURSERY AND FIELD TRIALS

NURUL MAYZAITUL AZWA JAMALUDIN1*; NUR SHUHADA MUHAMAD TAJUDIN2 and MOHAMED HANAFI MUSA3

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21894/jopr.2025.0054
Received: 29 August 2024   Accepted: 6 August 2025   Published Online: 30 October 2025
ABSTRACT

The oil palm industry is significantly affected by basal stem rot (BSR) caused by Ganoderma boninense. Nutrients are frequently used in soil fertilisers to protect plants from various stresses. Manipulating plant nutrients, particularly calcium (Ca), offers a promising strategy to prevent BSR disease in oil palm. This study evaluates the effect of Ca-based formulations on the suppression of G. boninense infection in oil palm seedlings using the root-sitting technique in three-month old oil palm seedlings. The study was further conducted in the field to test the disease incidence of BSR using the seedling baiting technique. Oil palm seedlings were pre-treated with fertiliser containing 1,000 ppm Ca as CaSO4. They were then exposed to G. boninense PER 17 using two methods; in a 12-month nursery trial, colonised rubber woodblocks were attached with seedling roots to simulate infection, while in a 21-month field trial, seedlings were planted in soil naturally infested with the fungus to test real-world conditions. In both trials, fertiliser with 1,000 ppm Ca reduced BSR incidence by 53% in the nursery and 81% in the field. This suggests Ca supplementation as an effective alternative for preventing BSR in oil palm plantations.

KEYWORDS:


1 Crop Production, Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture,
Universiti Malaysia Sabah,
Locked Beg No. 3,
90509 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia.

2 Department of Plant Science,
Kulliyyah of Science,
International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM),
25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.

3 Department of Land Management,
Faculty of Agriculture,
Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

* Corresponding author e-mail: mayzaitulazwa@ums.edu.my