The oil palm industry has witnessed significant growth and has emerged as one of the world’s largest vegetable oil sectors. However, this rapid expansion in production is accompanied by a notable increase in waste generation. While mills are utilising some oil palm biomass, a large portion still goes untapped and underexplored. There is increasing interest in leveraging various types of oil palm biomass as alternative, renewable, and economically viable resources to generate biogenic silica, a valuable material with diverse applications. This approach not only adds value to the biomass but also addresses environmental concerns. This article represents one of the first in-depth reviews of the recent technological advancements in leveraging oil palm biomass for the high-value synthesis of biogenic silica. It explores various aspects, covering the potential extraction methods (including those reported as green techniques, positioning them as a promising alternative to conventional approaches), as well as the properties and relevant applications of biogenic silica derived from oil palm biomass. The findings from this thorough review are expected to provide valuable insights for future research in the efficient production and sustainable utilisation of this bio-based material. Such support has the potential to enhance the sustainability of the oil palm industry.