Journal of Oil Palm Research Vol. 32 (1) March 2020, p. 64-74

SCALE-UP STUDY ON THE SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE STERILISATION OF OIL PALM FRESH FRUIT BUNCH

TENGKU NORSALWANI, T L*; MD SOHRAB HOSSAIN*; ABDUL KHALIL, H P S*; FATEHAH M OMAR**; AZHAR M EASAA*; ASMAH M SOFIAN* and MOHD OMAR, A K*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21894/jopr.2020.0015
Published Online: 3 March 2020
ABSTRACT

Existing steam sterilisation method of oil palm fresh fruit bunch (OP-FFB) requires huge quantities of water and about 30%-60% of the water results in palm oil mill effluent (POME). In order to circumvent the perennial POME generation problem, it requires a waterless sterilisation system of OP-FFB. The present study was conducted to determine the sterilisation efficiency of OP-FFB using a pilot scale supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) technology. The sterilisation efficiency was evaluated based on the inactivation of Bacillus spp. and Aspergillus spp. in OP-FFB with varying SC-CO2 pressure (10-30 MPa), temperature (40°C-80°C) and treatment time (15-90 min). Complete inactivation of the microorganisms in OP-FFB was obtained after 45-90 min at treatment range of 10-30 MPa and 40°C-80°C. The findings of the present study reveal that the SC-CO2 sterilisation is a conceivable technology to be used in OP-FFB sterilisation, replacing the current water steam sterilisation technology.

KEYWORDS:


* School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
E-mail: sohrab@usm.my

** School of Civil Engineering, Nibong Tebal Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.