free fatty acid – Journal of Oil Palm Research

RESEARCH ARTICLE
Vol. 37 (4) December 2025, p. 696-706

ENCAPSULATED ACIDIC ASPIRIN-BASED EUTECTIC SOLVENTS FOR ESTERIFICATION OF FREE FATTY ACID

ADEEB HAYYAN^1,2*; JIAN LING LEONG¹; ANDREW T H YEOW^1,2; HANEE F. HIZADDIN^1,2; YOUSEF MOHAMMED ALANAZI³; JEHAD SALEH³; BARUN KUMAR CHAKRABARTI⁴; CHEE TONG JOHN LOW⁵ and SHARIFAH SHAHIRA SYED PUTRA¹
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21894/jopr.2024.0047 | Published Online: 30 September 2024
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Vol. 37 (3) September 2025, p. 519-532

SULPHONIC ACIDS SUPPORTED ON Fe₃O₄/PVA MAGNETIC COMPOSITE AS CATALYSTS FOR ESTERIFICATION OF FREE FATTY ACIDS

ANDREW T. H. YEOW^1,2; ADEEB HAYYAN^1,2*; MOHD USMAN MOHD JUNAIDI^1,2; MUNEER M. BA-ABBAD³ and MOHD ALI HASHIM¹
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21894/jopr.2024.0042 | Published Online: 4 September 2024
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Vol. 35 (2) June 2023, p. 268-280

ESTERIFICATION OF FREE FATTY ACID FROM SLUDGE PALM OIL USING ZEOLITESULFONATED CARBON FROM SUGAR CANE CATALYSTS

HASANUDIN^1,2*; WAN RYAN ASRI^1,2; TRI ELTIYAH MUTHIARANI^1,2; DAVID BAHRAIN³ and FITRI HADIAH³
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21894/jopr.2022.0051 | Published Online: 23 August 2022
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Vol. 7 No. 2, December 1995, p. 162-170

CHARACTERIZATION OF A BY-PRODUCT OF PALM OIL MILLING

AINIE, K*; SIEW, W L*; TAN, Y A*; MA, A N*
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Tag: free fatty acid

(4 Articles)

ENCAPSULATED ACIDIC ASPIRIN-BASED EUTECTIC SOLVENTS FOR ESTERIFICATION OF FREE FATTY ACID

SULPHONIC ACIDS SUPPORTED ON Fe₃O₄/PVA MAGNETIC COMPOSITE AS CATALYSTS FOR ESTERIFICATION OF FREE FATTY ACIDS

ESTERIFICATION OF FREE FATTY ACID FROM SLUDGE PALM OIL USING ZEOLITESULFONATED CARBON FROM SUGAR CANE CATALYSTS

CHARACTERIZATION OF A BY-PRODUCT OF PALM OIL MILLING